Peanut oil is a non-drying vegetable oil (the iodine value is generally between 80 and 107). The specially processed peanut oil has an attractive and rich fragrance and is a kind of edible oil with high market value. Because it contains a relatively high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for 49%, polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for 30%), especially the human essential fatty acid-arachidonic acid, which has a higher nutritional value. In addition, peanut oil also has a lighter color, lower phospholipid content, higher smoke point, and has better sensory indicators and cooking performance.
Peanut kernels have high oil content, and there are three main oil-making processes: traditional pre-press extraction process, aromatic peanut oil process, cold-pressed peanut oil and peanut protein powder process. Considering that fragrant peanut oil is the main product in the peanut oil product consumer market, the market demand potential is great. The current oil production process mainly adopts the fragrant peanut oil process, that is, the oil production method that uses the mixed squeezing of fried seed peanut kernels and steamed fried peanut embryos.
The fragrant
peanut oil process uses high-quality fresh peanut kernels as raw materials, and adopts some whole seeds special high-temperature frying, mixed mechanical pressing, and low-temperature cold filtration process to produce peanut oil with strong fragrance; high-temperature pressed peanut cake (about 8% oil) After solvent leaching, the obtained crude oil can be refined through alkali refining, deacidification, decolorization, and deodorization to produce national standard first-grade edible peanut oil; peanut meal (residual oil less than 1%) is used as feed.
Based on different oil varieties, oil content and product quality index requirements, the production process of aromatic peanut oil is different from the soybean oil production process in three points.
1. The frequency of oil extraction is different, that is, the peanut oil production has a pre-pressing section. The soybean oil extraction process adopts the pretreatment direct extraction process, and the oil is extracted at one time; while the peanut kernel has a high oil content and in order to retain the unique strong fragrance in the oil, the peanut kernel oil extraction uses the pretreatment pre-expression extraction process, and the peanut kernel oil is divided twice take out. Since the domestic market prefers fragrant peanut oil, that is, pre-pressed oil, and the price of pre-pressed oil is higher than that of leaching oil, in terms of production process requirements, pre-pressing needs to extract as much oil as possible, that is, the oil content of the pressed cake should be as much as possible. low.
2. Comparing peanut kernel and soybean oil production process, it is not difficult to see that soybean oil refining only needs one refining line, while peanut oil refining requires two lines; and in order to retain the unique flavor in the pre-pressed oil, the peanut oil refining needs low temperature cold filtration Craft.
3. In terms of oil storage, peanut oil has a high storage cost. Because Luzhou fragrant peanut oil is seasonally produced and sold throughout the year and is not easy to store, in order to avoid the adverse effects of high temperature and sunlight on the quality of oil, the finished peanut oil tanks are placed in house-type warehouses. Some oil plants are constructed. Indoors, and use constant temperature storage method. Therefore, the oil tank area of the fragrant peanut oil has high requirements and high storage costs.
